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VEGF is a member of the platelet-derived growth factor family. It is a specific mitogen for vascular endothelial cells and a strong angiogenic factor in vivo. Five different proteins are generated by diffential splicing: VEGF121, VEGF145, VEGF165, VEGF189 and VEGF206. The most abdundant form is VEGF165. Whereas VEGF121 and VEGF165 are secreted proteins, VEGF145, VEGF189 and VEGF206 are strongly cell-associated. The isoforms VEGF145, VEGF165 and VEGF189 bind to heparin with high affinity. VEGF165 is apparently a homodimer, but preparations of VEGF165 show some heterogeneity on SDS gels, depending on the secretion of different glycosylation patterns. All dimeric forms have similar biological activities but their bio-availability is very different. There is good evidence that heterodimeric molecules between the different isoforms also exist and that different cells and tissues express different VEGF isoforms. The other members of this increasing growth factor family are VEGF-B, -C, -D and -E. Another member is the Placenta growth factor PlGF.